Insert disk

Identify new disk

lsblk

Partition new disk (using /dev/sdb as example)

gdisk /dev/sdb

# print current partition table to confirm
p

# create new partition
n

# use full disk
[ENTER]
[ENTER]

# type 8e00 for LVM if using LVM or LVM-Thin on Proxmox
8e00

# print partition table to check
p

# write changes to disk
w

Scan all disks for lvm capabilities

lvmdiskscan

Create new Physical Volume on the previously created LVM partition

pvcreate /dev/sdb1

Extend the current Proxmox LVM group (pve) to include the new Physical Volume

vgextend pve /dev/sdb1

Confirm the new (hopefully larger) size

vgdisplay

Confirm the name structure of the data volume you wish to extend

lvscan

Resize the existing Logical Volume (data) to use all free space available on the now larger Volume Group

lvresize -l +100%FREE pve/data

Confirm the new disk and LVM partition layout

vgdisplay
lvdisplay

Reload Proxmox Web GUI to confirm the changes (Datacentre > pve > local-lvm > Summary)